The 2024-2025 season was the opposite of the 2023-2024 season accross Europe

In the North, winter sowing took place on time, unlike the previous season, which for some extended into January 2024 due to heavy rainfall. These 12 months spent literally underwater will be remembered for a long time to come.
 
This season is the exact opposite. Indeed, the drought of spring 2025 is historical. Nevertheless, soil moisture reserves are generally healthy following the 2024 rainfall. It was mainly at the surface that the lack of water affected spring sowing. For winter cereals, it was a very healthy year so less diseases pressures.
 
 In Central and Southern Europe, sowing has been delayed by one month (late November instead of October) following the severe droughts of 2023 and 2024. There was no significant stress; on the contrary, the rains in winter and spring allowed crops to develop well. Despite late frost in March 2025, cereal crops are doing well. Unfortunately, fruit producers are not so lucky.
 
Heavy rainfall in the southwest and more localized rainfall in the southeast could induce late fusarium wilt pressure during wheat flowering, but this will remain manageable. This is also a better year for spring sowing.